Nursing and Public Health

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Pielęgniarstwo i Zdrowie Publiczne Nursing and Public Health

2020, vol. 10, nr 4, October-December, p. 255–262

doi: 10.17219/pzp/125436

Publication type: review article

Language: Polish

License: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)

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Celiakia – definicja, diagnoza, objawy i sposób leczenia

Celiac disease: Definition, diagnosis, symptoms, and methods of treatment

Iwona Wilk1,A,D,E,F, Anna Dobrzycka1,B,C,D

1 Katedra Kosmetologii, Wydział Fizjoterapii, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu, Wrocław, Polska

Streszczenie

Celiakia jest chorobą trzewną i najczęściej kojarzy się z wiekiem dziecięcym, dietą bezglutenową i układem pokarmowym. Ten sposób myślenia nie jest do końca błędny, ale wskazane jest edukowanie społeczeństwa i uświadamianie go, że celiakia to znacznie szerszy problem. Niezwykle istotna jest kompleksowa diagnostyka różnicowa pomiędzy nieceliakalną nadwrażliwością na gluten a celiakią, gdyż leczy się je inaczej. Celiakia może być zdiagnozowana w każdym wieku i jedynym sposobem jej leczenia jest dieta bezglutenowa stosowana dożywotnio. Powikłania w przypadku nieleczonej celiakii są bardzo poważne i mogą prowadzić do zaburzeń czynności wielu układów i narządów. Dlatego też pacjenci, u których rozpoznano celiakię, muszą być ściśle monitorowani pod względem przestrzegania diety, niedoborów żywieniowych i rozwoju możliwych chorób współistniejących. Niezwykle pomocne dla chorych jest prężnie działające w całym kraju Polskie Stowarzyszenie Osób z Celiakią i na Diecie Bezglutenowej, które rzetelnie prowadzi stronę internetową, organizuje szkolenia i warsztaty z zakresu odżywiania, konferencje, targi żywieniowe i wydaje czasopismo tematyczne.

Abstract

Celiac disease is a visceral disease and is most often associated with childhood, gluten-free diet and digestive system. This way of thinking is not entirely wrong, but it is advisable to educate and make the society aware that celiac disease is a much broader problem. Comprehensive differential diagnosis between non-celiac gluten sensitivity and celiac disease is extremely important as it results in a different treatment process. Moreover, celiac disease may be diagnosed at any age and the only treatment is a life-long gluten-free diet. Complications of untreated celiac disease are very serious and can lead to functional disorders of many systems and organs. Therefore, patients with celiac disease should be closely monitored in terms of dietary habits, nutritional deficiencies and development of possible comorbidities. The Polish Association of People with Celiac Disease and on Gluten-free Diet, which dilligently operates a website, organizes trainings and workshops in the field of nutrition, as well as conferences and food fairs, and publishes a thematic magazine, is extremely helpful for patients.

Słowa kluczowe

celiakia, diagnostyka, objawy, dieta bezglutenowa

Key words

celiac disease, diagnosis, symptoms, gluten-free diet

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